sexta-feira, 14 de agosto de 2009

P2T2 -> Biologia A (Animaizinhos)

12 Comments


Filo Anellida

• Corpo metametrizado (formado por metâmetros ou anéis)
• Celomados (São os animais que apresentam uma cavidade interna revestida pôr um tecido originado a partir do mesoderma)
• Triblásticos (são animais que possuem três tipos de tecidos:
ectoderme, mesoderme e endoderme)
• Neuromiários (hiponeuros)
• Protostômios (são animais que no desenvolvimento embrionário formam primeiro a boca e somente depois o ânus)
• Tubo digestório completo com órgãos anexos
• São classificados pelo número de anéis ou metâmetros


Classes

1 - Classe Achaeta / Aqueda / Hirudina

-Falsa metametrização (anéis internos e anéis externos em diferentes quantidades)
Ex: Sanguessuga

Ps: Existem substâncias químicas sintetizadas pelas sanguessugas como a Prolacaina e a Hirudina usado como anestésico. O verme tembém pode ser usado vivo no tratamento da hipertensão, minimizar a circulação, ativar a circulação.

2- Classe Oligochaeta ou Oligoqueta

- Quantidade média de anéis
- Monóico com fecundação cruzada através do Clitelo (apesar de hermafroditas, fazem fecundação cruzada)
- Sangue com hemoglobina
- Circulação fechada
- Vivem no solo e são herbívoras
Ex. Minhoca-da-terra ou "louca"

3- Classe Polichaeta ou Poliqueta

- Grande quantidade de anéis
- Respiração brinquial
- Únicos parapódios (cerdas de locomoção)

Exemplo: Neris sp e Eunice sp



Filo Arthropoda (ou artrópodes)

• Patas articuladas
• Com exoesqueleto quitinoso
• Vivem nos mais diversos ambientes
• São classificados em cinco classes:
Insecta, Crustacea, Aracnida, Diplopoda, Chilophoda
• Muitos passam por metamofose:
Tipos:

1- Ametábolos - não sofrem metamorfose
Ovo --> Imago (adulto)
Ex: traça, camarão

2- Hemimetábolos - metamorfose incompleta (jovem)
Ovo --> Ninfa (jovem) --> Imago
Ex: gafanhoto

3- Holometábolos - completa
Ovo --> larva (lagarta) --> pupa (crisálida) --> imago (adulto)
Ex: borboleta, mariposa, libelula.

Tabela:

(clique para ampliar ;)



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